% CL.STY: Computational Linguistics Latex style file.
% (c) copyright 1991 The MIT Press
% The MIT Press, 55 Hayward St., Cambridge, MA 02142
%
% Macros prepared by Archetype Publishing Inc., 
% P.O. Box 6567, Champaign IL 61821.
% Call Archetype at 217-359-8178 if you have questions 
% or problems using these macros.
%   
% Please see the author sample file ausamp.tex for usage.
% In addition to this file, the ACL journal uses the public
% domain file palatino.sty, since the journal is set in
% palatino.  You can omit this file, but then the usual computer
% modern fonts (cm fonts) will be used, however, with different line
% layout and page breaks than the final paper version.
% Of course, your printer must have palatino fonts in it (like
% the most Apple printers, QMS series, etc., for palatino to be
% available.)
%
%* Modifications by Stuart M. Shieber, 1994
%* (All SMS modifications marked with %* in the line.)
%*
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%
% PAGE LAYOUT
%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%
\parindent 1.5pc
\textwidth 32pc         % Width of text line.
\textheight 51pc
\columnwidth 15pc
\footskip 51pt
\evensidemargin -15pt
\oddsidemargin \evensidemargin
\def\leftm{5.5pc}

\textfloatsep 24pt plus 18pt minus 0pt
\dbltextfloatsep 24pt plus 2pt minus 4pt

\topmargin -2pc
\headheight 11pt
\headsep 22pt
\footheight 31pt 
\parskip 0pt
\advance\footskip-14pt
%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%
% FONT INTORMATION
%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%
\def\@normalsize{\@setsize\normalsize{12pt}\xpt\@xpt
\abovedisplayskip 12pt plus2pt minus5pt\belowdisplayskip \abovedisplayskip
\abovedisplayshortskip \z@ plus3pt\belowdisplayshortskip 6pt plus3pt minus3pt}
\def\bi{\@setsize\bi{11pt}\ixpt\@ixpt
\abovedisplayskip 8.5pt plus 3pt minus 4pt\belowdisplayskip \abovedisplayskip
\abovedisplayshortskip \z@ plus2pt\belowdisplayshortskip 4pt plus2pt minus 2pt
\def\@listi{\topsep 4pt plus 2pt minus 2pt\parsep 2pt plus 1pt minus 1pt
\itemsep \parsep}}
\def\bit{\@setsize\bit{11pt}\xpt\@xpt}
\def\LARGE{\@setsize\LARGE{20pt}\xviipt\@xviipt}
\def\large{\@setsize\large{13pt}\xiipt\@xiipt}
\def\affilfont{\@setsize\affilfont{13pt}\xpt\@xpt}
\def\small{\@setsize\small{10pt}\ixpt\@ixpt
\abovedisplayskip 8.5pt plus 3pt minus 4pt\belowdisplayskip \abovedisplayskip
\abovedisplayshortskip \z@ plus2pt\belowdisplayshortskip 4pt plus2pt minus 2pt
\def\@listi{\topsep 4pt plus 2pt minus 2pt\parsep 2pt plus 1pt minus 1pt
\itemsep \parsep}}
%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%
% TITLE PAGE
%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%
%* Make volume, number, and running title and author information
%* declared in a uniform manner.

\def\issue #1#2#3{\gdef\Vol{#1}\gdef\Num{#2}\gdef\Year{#3}}
\def\runningtitle#1{\gdef\Rtitle{#1}}
\def\runningauthor#1{\gdef\Rauthor{#1}}
\def\affil#1{{\affilfont #1}}

%* Default the footmark on the first page to an appropriate copyright
%* notice.

\newcommand{\footmark}{\copyright\ \Year\ Association for Computational Linguistics}

\def\@maketitle{\pagestyle{empty}\cleardoublepage%
\pagestyle{headings}%
\markboth{\Rauthor}{\Rtitle}%
% \null
\vskip -18pt
 {\LARGE\noindent\bf \parbox[t]{28pc}{\raggedright\@title} \par} \vskip 1.5em\vskip 14pt {\large \lineskip .5em
\def\arraystretch{.5}\noindent\begin{tabular}[t]{@{}p{15pc}@{\hspace{2pc}}p{15pc}@{}}\@author 
 \end{tabular}\par} 
 \par
 \vskip 1.5em\vskip 14pt} 

\def\maketitle{\par
 \begingroup
\setcounter{section}{0}
\setcounter{subsection}{0}
\setcounter{figure}{0}
\setcounter{table}{0}
\setcounter{footnote}{0}
\setcounter{example}{0}
   \def\thefootnote{\fnsymbol{footnote}}
\long\def\@makefntext##1{\raggedright\leftskip=1.4em\parindent 1em\noindent 
 \llap{\hbox to 1.4em{\hss{$\@thefnmark$\ }}}##1}
 \if@twocolumn 
 \twocolumn[\@maketitle] 
 \else \newpage
 \global\@topnum\z@ \@maketitle \fi\thispagestyle{tplain}\@thanks
 \endgroup
 \setcounter{footnote}{0}
% \let\maketitle\relax
% \let\@maketitle\relax
 \gdef\@thanks{}\gdef\@author{}\gdef\@title{}\let\thanks\relax}
%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%
% PAGE STYLES
%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%
\def\ps@plain{\let\@mkboth\markboth
  \def\@oddfoot{\hfill\thepage}
  \def\@evenfoot{\thepage\hfill}
  \def\@evenhead{}
  \def\@oddhead{}
  \def\sectionmark##1{}
  \def\subsectionmark##1{}}

\def\ps@tplain{\let\@mkboth\markboth
  \def\@oddfoot{\footnotesize\footmark\hfill}
  \def\@evenfoot{\footnotesize\hfill\footmark}
  \def\@evenhead{}
  \def\@oddhead{}
  \def\sectionmark##1{}
  \def\subsectionmark##1{}}

\def\ps@headings{\let\@mkboth\markboth
  \def\@oddfoot{\hfill\thepage}
  \def\@evenfoot{\thepage\hfill}
  \def\@evenhead{{\small Computational Linguistics}\hfil\hbox to 15pc{{\small Volume \Vol, Number \Num}\hfill}}
  \def\@oddhead{\hbox{}{\small\leftmark}\hfil\hbox to 15pc{{\small\rightmark}\hfill}}
  \def\sectionmark##1{}
  \def\subsectionmark##1{}}
%
\let\ps@myheadings\ps@headings
%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%
% Section commands
%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%
% \@startsection {NAME}{LEVEL}{INDENT}{BEFORESKIP}{AFTERSKIP}{STYLE} 
%            optional * [ALTHEADING]{HEADING}
%    Generic command to start a section.  
%    NAME       : e.g., 'subsection'
%    LEVEL      : a number, denoting depth of section -- e.g., chapter=1,
%                 section = 2, etc.
%    INDENT     : Indentation of heading from left margin
%    BEFORESKIP : Absolute value = skip to leave above the heading.  
%                 If negative, then paragraph indent of text following 
%                 heading is suppressed.
%    AFTERSKIP  : if positive, then skip to leave below heading, else 
%                 negative of skip to leave to right of run-in heading.
%    STYLE      : commands to set style
\def\@sect#1#2#3#4#5#6[#7]#8{\ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth
     \def\@svsec{}\else 
     \refstepcounter{#1}\edef\@svsec{\csname the#1\endcsname\hskip 1em }\fi
     \@tempskipa #5\relax
      \ifdim \@tempskipa>\z@ 
        \begingroup #6\relax
          \@hangfrom{\hskip #3\relax\@svsec}{\interlinepenalty \@M #8\@afterhead\par}
        \endgroup
       \csname #1mark\endcsname{#7}\addcontentsline
         {toc}{#1}{\ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth \else
                      \protect\numberline{\csname the#1\endcsname}\fi
                    #7}\else
        \def\@svsechd{#6\hskip #3\@svsec #8\@afterhead\csname #1mark\endcsname
                      {#7}\addcontentsline
                           {toc}{#1}{\ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth \else
                             \protect\numberline{\csname the#1\endcsname}\fi
                       #7}}\fi
     \@xsect{#5}}
\def\@ssect#1#2#3#4#5{\@tempskipa #3\relax
   \ifdim \@tempskipa>\z@
     \begingroup #4\@hangfrom{\hskip #1}{\interlinepenalty \@M #5\@afterhead\par}\endgroup
   \else \def\@svsechd{#4\hskip #1\relax #5\@afterhead}\fi
    \@xsect{#3}}
\setcounter{secnumdepth}{4}

\def\section{\def\@afterhead{}\@startsection {section}{1}{0pt}{-12pt plus -1pt minus 0pt}
{12pt plus 0pt minus 0pt}{\def\@svsec{\thesection.\ }\bf}}
\def\subsection{\def\@afterhead{}\@startsection{subsection}{2}{0pt}{-12pt plus -1pt minus 0pt}
{.0001pt}{\def\@svsec{\thesubsection\ }\bf}}
\def\subsubsection{\def\@afterhead{.}\@startsection{subsubsection}{3}{0pt}{-12pt plus -1pt minus 0pt}
{-.5em plus .2ex}{\def\@svsec{\thesubsubsection\ }\bf}}
\def\paragraph{\def\@afterhead{.}\@startsection{paragraph}{4}{0pt}{-12pt plus -1pt minus 0pt}
{-.5em plus .2ex}{\def\@svsec{}\em}}
%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%
% Lists
%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%
\leftmargini 3pc
\leftmarginii 2em
\leftmarginiii 2em
\leftmarginiv 1em
\leftmarginv 1em
\leftmarginvi 1em

\def\@listi{\rightmargin=1.5pc\topsep 12pt plus 2pt minus 2pt\parsep 0pt plus 1pt minus 1pt
   \itemsep 6pt\leftmargin\leftmargini\labelsep .5pc\labelwidth 2.5pc}
\def\@listii{\rightmargin=1.5pc\leftmargin\leftmarginii\topsep 6pt plus 2pt minus 1pt\parsep 0pt
plus 1pt minus 1pt\itemsep 0pt\labelsep 1pc} 
\def\@listiii{\rightmargin=1.5pc\leftmargin\leftmarginii\topsep 6pt plus 2pt minus 1pt\parsep 0pt plus 1pt minus 1pt\itemsep
0pt\labelsep 1pc}
%
% Numbered lists
%
\def\enumerate{\par\raggedright\ifnum \@enumdepth >3 \@toodeep\else
      \advance\@enumdepth \@ne 
      \edef\@enumctr{enum\romannumeral\the\@enumdepth}\list
      {\csname label\@enumctr\endcsname}{\usecounter
        {\@enumctr}\def\makelabel##1{\hskip 1.5pc\rlap{##1}\hfil}}\fi}

\def\endenumerate{\par\endlist}
%
% Itemized lists
%
\def\itemize{\par\raggedright\ifnum \@itemdepth >3 \@toodeep\else \advance\@itemdepth \@ne
\edef\@itemitem{labelitem\romannumeral\the\@itemdepth}%
\list{\csname\@itemitem\endcsname}{\def\makelabel##1{\hskip 1.5pc\rlap{##1}\hfil}}\fi}

\def\enditemize{\par\endlist}
\newenvironment{wf}{\vspace{14pt}\parindent=0pt\everypar{\hangindent=1.5pc\hangafter=1}\par\small\sf}{\par\vspace{12pt}}
%
% Unnumbered lists: \begin and \end{unenumerate}
%
\newenvironment{unenumerate}{\def\labelitemi{}\def\labelitemii{}\def\labelitemiii{}\leftmargini=1.5pc\begin{itemize}}{\end{itemize}}
%
% Definition environment
%
\newenvironment{definition}{\par\vspace{\baselineskip}\noindent{\bf Definition}
  \everypar{\hangindent=1.6pc\hangafter=1}\par\parindent=0pt}{\vspace{12pt}\par}
\newenvironment{examples}{\par\begin{enumerate}}{\end{enumerate}}
\newenvironment{dialog}{\bgroup\parindent=0pt\everypar{\hangindent=1.5pc\hangafter=1}
  \vspace{\baselineskip}\par}{\egroup\vspace{\baselineskip}}
%
% Extract environment: Use \begin and \end{ext} instead of "quote" or 
%                      "quotation" environment.
%
\newenvironment{ext}{\par\raggedright\hsize=29pc\leftskip=1.5pc\small\vspace{14pt}}{\vspace{12pt}\par}
\let\extract\ext
\let\endextract\endext
\newenvironment{alg}{\par\sf\bgroup\vspace{\baselineskip}}{\par\egroup\vspace{\baselineskip}}
%
% Code environment
%
\newenvironment{code}{\par\bgroup\tt\vspace{\baselineskip}}{\egroup\par\vspace{\baselineskip}}
%
% Verbatim environment
%
\def\verbatim{\topsep=0pt\@verbatim \frenchspacing\@vobeyspaces \@xverbatim}
%
% Outline environment
%
\newenvironment{outline}{\begin{unenumerate}}{\end{unenumerate}}
%
%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%
% Captions
%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%
% table captions use tcaption; put caption above table
%
\long\def\tcaption#1{%
%  \vskip -\baselineskip
  \rule{\textwidth}{1pt}\par\vskip 9pt\caption{#1}\par\vskip -3pt\rule{\textwidth}{.5pt}\vskip 3pt
}
\long\def\@makecaption#1#2{
{\raggedright\small{\leavevmode\noindent\bf#1}\par\noindent#2\par}}
\def\table{\small\@float{table}}
\def\endtable{\end@float\normalsize}
%
\def\captionpar{\newline\hspace*{2ex}}
%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%
% Footnotes  
%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%
\skip\footins=10pt              % space added when footnote is present

\def\footnoterule{\kern-3\p@ 
 \rule[4pt]{4pc}{.5pt}
 \kern 2.6\p@} 

\long\def\@makefntext#1{\parindent 1em\noindent \hbox to 2.5em{\hss}
 \hbox to .2em{\hss$^{\@thefnmark}$}#1}

\pagestyle{headings}
\frenchspacing

\def\footnotesize{\@setsize\footnotesize{9pt}\viiipt\@viiipt
\abovedisplayskip 6pt plus 2pt minus 4pt\belowdisplayskip \abovedisplayskip
\abovedisplayshortskip \z@ plus 1pt\belowdisplayshortskip 3pt plus 1pt minus 2pt
\def\@listi{\topsep 3pt plus 1pt minus 1pt\parsep 2pt plus 1pt minus 1pt\itemsep \parsep}}
%   \footnotesep    : The height of a strut placed at the beginning of
%                     every footnote.
\footnotesep 0pt 
%   \skip\footins   : Space between main text and footnotes.  The rule
%                     separating footnotes from text occurs in this space.
%                     This space lies above the strut of height \footnotesep 
%                     which is at the beginning of the first footnote.
\skip\footins 24pt plus 4pt minus 2pt 
%   \footnoterule   : Macro to draw the rule separating footnotes from text.
%                     It is executed right after a \vspace of \skip\footins.
%                     It should take zero vertical space--i.e., it should to
%                     a negative skip to compensate for any positive space
%                     it occupies.  (See PLAIN.TEX.)
\def\footnoterule{\kern-4\p@
  \hrule width 15pc \kern 3.6\p@} % the \hrule is .4pt high
%   \@makefntext{NOTE} :
%        Must produce the actual footnote, using \@thefnmark as the mark 
%        of the footnote and NOTE as the text.  It is called when effectively
%        inside a \parbox, with \hsize = \columnwidth.  For example, it might 
%        be as simple as 
%               $^{\@thefnmark}$ NOTE
\long\def\@makefntext#1{\raggedright\leftskip=1.4em\parindent 1em\noindent 
 \llap{\hbox to 1.4em{\hss{\@thefnmark\ }}}#1}
\def\@makefnmark{{\small$^{\@thefnmark}$}}
%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%
% Bibliography
%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%
%%% fullname.sty
%%%
%%% Stuart M. Shieber
%%% Mon Mar 30 17:23:36 EST 1992

%%% Modifications to the citation macros intended to be used with the
%%% fullname.bst style.

%%% Some material taken from Peter Patel-Schneider's AAAI style for
%%% use in conjunction with AAAI-named bibliography style.
%%%
%%% Citation forms:
%%%
%%% Macro	Output format
%%% -----------	-----------------------------------------
%%% \cite:	(Dewey, 1988)
%%% 		(Dewey, 1988, page 15)
%%% 		(Dewey, 1988; Cheatham, 1987; Howe, 1903)
%%% \shortcite:	(1988)
%%%		(1988, page 15)
%%% \namecite:	Dewey (1988)
%%%		Dewey (1988, page 15)

% don't box citations, add space between multiple citations, separate with ;
\def\@citex[#1]#2{\if@filesw\immediate\write\@auxout{\string\citation{#2}}\fi
  \def\@citea{}\@cite{\@for\@citeb:=#2\do
    {\@citea\def\@citea{; }\@ifundefined
       {b@\@citeb}{{\bf ?}\@warning
       {Citation `\@citeb' on page \thepage \space undefined}}%
{\csname b@\@citeb\endcsname}}}{#1}}
% Allow short (name-less) citations, when used in
% conjunction with a bibliography style that creates labels like
%	\citename{<names>, }<year>
\let\@internalcite\cite
\def\cite{\def\citename##1{##1, }(\@internalcite}
\def\shortcite{\def\citename##1{}(\@internalcite}
\def\namecite{\def\citename##1{##1 (}\@internalcite}
\def\@biblabel#1{\def\citename##1{##1}[#1]\hfill}

%%% More changes made by SMS (originals in latex.tex)
% Use parentheses instead of square brackets in the text.
\def\@cite#1#2{{#1\if@tempswa , #2\fi})}

% Don't put a label in the bibliography at all.  Just use the unlabeled format
% instead.
\def\thebibliography#1{\small\parindent=0pt\par\vspace{14pt}{\bf
References}\par\list
 {}{\setlength{\labelwidth}{0pt}\setlength{\leftmargin}{1em}
 \setlength{\itemindent}{-1em}\setlength{\rightmargin}{0pt}
 \setlength{\itemsep}{0pt}\raggedright}
 \def\newblock{\hskip .11em plus .33em minus -.07em}
 \sloppy\clubpenalty4000\widowpenalty4000
 \sfcode`\.=1000\relax}
\let\endthebibliography=\endlist

\def\@lbibitem[#1]#2{\item[]\if@filesw 
      { \def\protect##1{\string ##1\space}\immediate
        \write\@auxout{\string\bibcite{#2}{#1}}\fi\ignorespaces}}

\def\@bibitem#1{\item\if@filesw \immediate\write\@auxout
       {\string\bibcite{#1}{\the\c@enumi}}\fi\ignorespaces}

% 
% endnotes; same environment as bibliography:
%
\def\theendnotes{\small\parindent=0pt\par\vspace{14pt}{\bf Notes}\par\vspace{2pt}\everypar{\hangindent=1em\hangafter=1}\raggedright}
\def\endtheendnotes{\par\vskip 14pt plus 4pt minus 0pt}
%
% acknowledgments
%
\newenvironment{acknowledgments}{\small\par{\bf\noindent Acknowledgments}\par\vspace{2pt}\raggedright}{\par}
%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%
% THEOREM-LIKE ENVIRONMENTS
%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%
\newtheorem{example}{Example}
\newtheorem{arule}{Rule}
\newtheorem{meta}{Metarule}
\newtheorem{lemma}{Lemma}
\newtheorem{lemth}{Theorem}[lemma]
\newtheorem{numtheorem}{Theorem}
%
% Everything that comes before the next line
% (reading "\def\@thmcounter#1{}") be a numbered environment
% (e.g., Example 1, Example 2, etc.); everything that comes after will
% be unnumbered (e.g., Proofs). For numbered theorems, use \begin and
% \end{numtheorem}. For unnumbered theorems, use \begin and \end{theorem}.
% See "Guidelines" for more information.
%
\def\@thmcounter#1{}
\newtheorem{theorem}{Theorem}
\def\@begintheorem#1#2{\labelsep=1em\itemsep=0pt\topsep=12pt\trivlist \item[\hskip \labelsep{\bf #1\ #2}]\item[]}
\def\@opargbegintheorem#1#2#3{
  \labelsep=1em\itemsep=0pt\topsep=12pt\trivlist\item[\hskip \labelsep{\bf\sl #1\ #2\hskip 1em\normalsize\bf\sl #3}]\item[]}
\def\@endtheorem{\endtrivlist}
\newtheorem{proof}{Proof}

\def\endproof{\hskip 6pt\rule{6pt}{6pt}}

%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%
% ABSTRACT
%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%
\def\abs{\@setsize\abs{13pt}\xpt\@xpt}
\def\abstract{\par\abs\it\noindent\hskip -.1pt}
\def\endabstract{\par\normalsize}

\long\def\btitle#1{\vskip 0pt plus 2pt minus 1pt{\parindent=0pt{\bit\bf\vspace{12pt}\par#1\par}}}
\long\def\bauth#1{{\vspace{6pt}\parindent=0pt{\small\par\raggedright\bf#1\par}}}
\long\def\baffil#1{{\parindent=0pt{\small\par(#1)\par}}}
\long\def\bpub#1{{\parindent=0pt\vspace{6pt}{\small\par\raggedright#1\par}}}
\long\def\binfo#1{{\parindent=0pt\vspace{5pt}{\bi\par#1\par}}}
\long\def\bref#1{\par\small{\parindent=0pt\vspace{6pt}{References\par\everypar{\hangindent=1em\hangafter=1}#1\par}}}

\def\rtitle#1{{\parindent=0pt\vspace{12pt}{\raggedright\large\bf #1\par}}}
\def\rauth#1{{\parindent=0pt\vspace{12pt}{\bf#1\par}}}
\def\raffil#1{{\parindent=0pt\par(#1)}}
\def\rpub#1{{\parindent=0pt\vspace{15pt}{\parindent=0pt\par\parbox{15pc}{\raggedright#1}}}}
\def\reviewed#1{{\parindent=0pt\vspace{14pt}\par{\it Reviewed by\\#1\par\vspace{12pt}}}}

\def\entry#1#2#3{{\par\vskip 0pt plus 2pt minus 1pt
\parindent=0pt\raggedright\vspace{10pt}{\bit\bf#1\par}{\small\bf#2\par}{\small#3\par}\vspace{5pt}}\noindent\ignorespaces}

\newbox\partialpage
\def\starttwocolumn{%
  {\output={\global\setbox\partialpage=\vbox{\unvbox255}}\newpage}%
  \twocolumn[\unvbox\partialpage\vspace{14pt}]%
}


\columnsep 2pc


\def\hlinecr{\\[3pt]\hline}

\def\labelitemi{$\bullet$}
\def\labelitemii{\bf \rlap{---}}
\def\labelitemiii{$\ast$}
\def\labelitemiv{$\cdot$}
%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%
% Footnotes
%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%
\setcounter{topnumber}{3}
\def\topfraction{.99}
\setcounter{bottomnumber}{2}
\def\bottomfraction{.99}
\setcounter{totalnumber}{3}
\def\textfraction{.01}
\def\floatpagefraction{.01}
\setcounter{dbltopnumber}{3}
\def\dbltopfraction{.99}
\def\dblfloatpagefraction{.01}
%
% Title for Technical Correspondence
%
\def\tcmaketitle{\cleardoublepage\font\BN=PalatinoB at 18pt
\thispagestyle{plain}\vspace*{-3.5pc}\noindent{\BN Technical Correspondence}\vspace{24pt}
{\def\cleardoublepage{}\def\newpage{}\def\bf{\tf}\def\LARGE{\@setsize\LARGE{18pt}\xviipt\@xviipt}\font\tf=Palatino at
16pt\maketitle}}
%
% Title for Review Article
%
\def\rcmaketitle{\cleardoublepage\font\BN=PalatinoB at 18pt
\thispagestyle{plain}\vspace*{-3.5pc}\noindent{\BN Review Article}\vspace{24pt}
{\def\cleardoublepage{}\def\newpage{}\def\bf{\tf}\def\LARGE{\@setsize\LARGE{18pt}\xviipt\@xviipt}\font\tf=Palatino at
16pt\maketitle}}